International Journal of Business and Economic Affairs

Influence of Green Transformational Leadership on Environmental Citizenship Behaviors via Green HRM Practices. Application of Resource-Based View Theory in the Tourism Industry of Pakistan

Shahbaz Masih — 2024-07-02

This research examines the social and psychological processes that cause people in organizations to participate in environmental citizenship behaviors. The study aims to examine the impact of green transformational leadership on environmental citizenship behavior and explore the mediating effects of green HRM practices. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey from 312 employees from four and five-star hotels located in Islamabad/Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS and SmartPLS software. The demographic analysis was conducted using SPSS, while the measurement model and structural model were validated using PLS-SEM. The findings suggest that green transformational leadership positively affects environmental citizenship behavior and green HRM practices. Furthermore, this research provides evidence that the association between green transformational leadership and environmental citizenship behavior is partly mediated by green HRM practices. Green transformational leadership can positively impact environmental citizenship behavior both directly and indirectly via green HRM practices. The practical uses of this study for hotel management consist of the significance of cultivating a culture that prioritizes environmental awareness, offering training and materials to assist green activities, and enabling leaders to demonstrate and encourage green practices among employees.

Relationship of Overthinking with Professional Life Stress and Job Satisfaction Among Professionals

Fizza Younus — 2024-07-10

The current study examined the correlation of Overthinking with Professional life stress then Job Satisfaction amongst 300 professionals. Their age range was 22-48 years. Data was collected by using convenient sampling technique. Overthinking, Professional life stress and Job satisfaction were the study variables which were measured through Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ Ehring etal., 2010), Professional life stress Scale (PLSS David Fontana 1989) and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) by Weiss etal.,1967 respectively. Results supported all the hypotheses that are Overthinking positively correlated with Professional Life Stress, Overthinking and Professional Life stress are adversely associated with Job satisfaction. Results also exposed that there are no substantial changes between professional groups off these variables. All professional groups were high on their job satisfaction and lower on overthinking and professional life stress.

Does Food Insecurity Lead to Terrorism: An Economic Perspective of South Asian Countries

Mubashar Iqbal — 2024-07-22

This research work examines the nexus between food insecurity and terrorism in South Asian countries, where both issues remain persistent challenges. Utilizing secondary data from the World Development Indicators (WDI), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) for the period 2015-2021, we employ a generalized least squares econometric technique to analyze the interplay between food insecurity and terrorism. Our findings show that there is a clear and significant link between food insecurity and the occurrence of terrorism, suggesting that as food insecurity intensifies, the likelihood of terrorist activities escalates. The results also show that there is a link between higher GDP per person and an increase in terrorism, implying that increased economic activity may elevate the visibility and attractiveness of potential targets for terrorist attacks. This counterintuitive finding highlights the necessity for nuanced economic policies that address underlying grievances and inequalities, which may persist despite overall economic growth. Moreover, the study finds that political stability strongly reduces terrorism, emphasizing the critical role of stable political environments in reducing the incentives and opportunities for terrorist activities. Additionally, the inverse relationship between the literacy rate and terrorism suggests that higher literacy levels reduce the likelihood of terrorist incidents in subsequent periods. Based on these findings, this research work suggests policies aimed at addressing food insecurity, fostering political stability, and improving education as essential strategies for mitigating terrorism in the region.

Comparative Study of Cyberchondriasis and OCD Among Covid and NonCovid Respondents

Khudija Zahid — 2024-07-29

The current study examined the relationship between cyberchondriasis and obsessive-compulsive disorder in 300 covid and non-covid respondents from various universities in the Hazara region. These students were chosen using purposive and snowball sampling methods. In the current study, the Yale Brown OCD Scale YBOCS and the 12-item short version of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale were used. Reliability analysis, Correlation, t-test were used in order to test relationship between variables. Findings revealed that covid experience is more commonly linkedto cyberchondriasis and obsessive-compulsive symptoms than non-covid experience. Men are more prone to develop cyberchondriasis than women, and it has also been demonstrated that women have more OCD symptoms than men do.

The Synergy of Emotional Intelligence and Resilience in Shaping Adult Life Satisfaction

Ayesha Bint-e-Nawaz — 2024-08-05

The primary motive of this inquiry is to examine the connection between emotional competence, rigidity and quality of life throughout maturity. This study seeks to give precious insight into factor that contributes to grown- up’s good and academic success. To measure the relationship between emotional intelligence, resilience and life, data was collected from 150 virile and 150 womanish early grownup( age range 18 to 29) from educational institute from Haripur district using purposive sampling technique. The sample comported of virile ( n = 150) and womanish( n = 150). Students were inked through purposeful slice by posting a check link on emotional intelligence, brief resilience, and life satisfaction at Govt. Girls Degree College No. 2 Haripur. Correlation research design was applied to the current study. The researcher used the detail Resilience Scale, Shut Self Report Emotional Intelligence Scale and Satisfaction with life Scale for study purpose. The statistical technique applied for finding were descriptive statistic, correlation test and t- test. The findings indicate that emotional intelligence has significant negative correlation with detail resilience, and positive correlation with satisfaction with life, and. especially, female showed advanced emotional intelligence compared to males.

Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Aggressive Fantasies and Empathy Among Adults

Yousra Khan — 2024-08-15

The study aimed to explore the influence of emotional intelligence on adolescents’ tendencies towards aggressive fantasies and empathy. A sample of 300 individuals (147 males and 153 females) was selected for the study. Initially, a weak correlation was found betweenemotional intelligence and aggression, suggesting that higher emotional intelligence does not necessarily lead to reduced levels of aggression in adolescents. Conversely, a positive correlation was observed between emotional intelligence and empathy, indicating that adolescents with higher emotional intelligence tend to demonstrate greater empathy towards others. Furthermore, the research identified a causal relationship between emotional intelligence and aggressive fantasies. Gender differences were also observed in emotional intelligence, empathy, and tendencies towards aggressive fantasies.

Effect of Personality Traits and Wisdom on Perceived Stress among Research Scholars

Kainat Naseer — 2024-08-20

The study was conducted to determine the effects of personality traits and wisdom on perceived stress among research scholars. The current research also investigated gender differences. The present study used the perceived stress scale, Goldberg’s Big Five inventory, and wisdom three-dimensional scales for data collection—a sample of the present study comprised of students, (n=200). For data analysis, Pearson correlation and independent sample t-test were used. The result revealed that males score high on wisdom as compared to females. There is a negative correlation between wisdom and perceived stress. The findings have theoretical applied significance in the role of personality traits and wisdom on perceived stress among research scholars.

Postcolonial Epistemology and the Role of Silence in Formulating Postcolonial Aesthetics in Hanif Kureshi’s Short Stories “Touched” and “Hullabaloo in the Tree”

Huma Ahmed — 2024-08-30

This literary study aims to analyze two short stories, "Touched" and "Hullabaloo in the Tree," by British-Pakistani writer Hanif Kureshi. The stories were published in his collection of short fiction, The Body (2002). The study evaluates the stories to explore the postcolonial aesthetic elements in the narratives. Postcolonial aesthetics is comparatively a less explored area in literary research. Out of a few postcolonial theorists, Bill Ashcroft is the one who drew the attention of scholars to evaluate postcolonial literature on aesthetic grounds. In this pursuit, he works on the epistemology of postcolonial conditions and contends that postcolonial knowledge lies beyond the boundaries of written language. His claim rests on the assumption that written language is restricted due to its reliance on inscribed words. Therefore, the power of unsaid "mystifies the aesthetic object" (text). In this theoretical backdrop, the analysis of the two selected short stories focuses on those ’silent moments’ in the stories that can generate meaning beyond the boundaries of language and thus help to figure out the postcolonial aesthetics of the short fiction. Here, the phrase ’silent moments’ refers to the instances in the narratives where the author does not convey the message explicitly. The research contends that the’ unsaid’ can be interpreted through the power of literary language and the imaginative power of the writer and the reader. This qualitative research employs an interpretive method to anchor the analysis.

Ethical Leadership and Servant Leadership on Team Creativity: Task Interdependencies as a Moderating Role

Cheng-Wen Lee — 2024-09-03

The research investigates the impact of ethical leadership and servant leadership on team innovation while testing task interdependence’s moderating role. Data was gathered from 243 participants employed in construction sector companies in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, and Muzaffarabad, Pakistan, to examine the suggested connections. This was done through the use of structured and self-administered questionnaires. The acquired data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The findings indicated that both ethical and Servant Leadership have a significant and beneficial influence on team creativity.Furthermore, the suggested moderating assumptions about task interdependence were also confirmed. The discussion encompasses the study’s consequences regarding theory and practical applications. The study also analyzed its research constraints and identified potential areas for further investigation.

Exploring the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Customer Purchase Intentions: The Moderating Roles of Social Forces

Dr. Muhammad Atiq Rafique Khattak — 2024-09-06

The study investigates how social media marketing impacts consumers’ purchase intentions and whether such relationship could be moderated by various social factors. Social media marketing effect are determined through likes, comments, sharing, interaction time with users, response time, and emerged as a major determinant of purchase intentions. Nevertheless, the effect of engagement on purchase intentions may not be homogeneous and may be moderated by contextual factors, in current study perspective; social factors such as peer influence, family influence, and cultural background. It is hypothesized that increasing levels of social media exposure and engagement generally lead to strong purchase intentions; however, the strength and direction of an effect like this are contingent upon the moderating influence of peer, family, and cultural factors. Around 300 questionnaires were distributed among individuals between the ages of 20 and 25 years with literacy rate of at least twelve grades were selected through random sampling. The analysis showed that the moderators have positive significant influence on customer purchase intentions.